Logical Reasoning :-

There are two types:- 1. Verbal Reasoning 2. Non-Verbal Reasoning

1. Verbal Reasoning :-

Logical reasoning (verbal reasoning) refers to the ability of a candidate to understand and logically work through concepts and problems expressed in words. It checks the ability to extract and work with the meaning, information, and implications from the bulk of the text. The logic is expressed verbally, and you have to understand the logic before solving the questions.

2. Non-Verbal Reasoning :-

Logical reasoning (non-verbal reasoning) refers to the ability of a candidate to understand and logically work through concepts and problems expressed in the form of images, diagrams, etc. It checks the ability to extract and work with the meaning, information, and implications from the given images or diagrams. Here, the logics are expressed non-verbally, and you have to understand the logic before solving them.

This type of reasoning questions consists of a number series with one or more terms missing.

QUESTIONS

Q1. Look at the series, 46, 44, 40, 38, 34, _, which number should come next?

1. 30
2. 36
3. 31
4. 32

ANSWER:32

EXPLAINATION:We can see that it is an alternating number subtraction series; first 2 is subtracted then 4 is subtracted and then 2 is subtracted again and so on; 46 - 2 = 44
44 - 4 = 40
40 - 2 = 38
38 - 4 = 34
34 - 2 = 32 (option C)

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Q2. Look at this series: 31, 29, 24, 22, 17, ... What number should come next?

1. 15
2. 14
3. 19
4. 12

ANSWER:15

EXPLAINATION:This is a simple alternating subtraction series, which subtracts 2, then 5.

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Q3. Look at this series: 8, 43, 11, 41, __, 39, 17, ... What number should fill in the blank?

1. 8
2. 14
3. 98
4. 12

ANSWER:14

EXPLAINATION:This is a simple alternating addition and subtraction series. The first series begins with 8 and adds 3; the second begins with 43 and subtracts 2.

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Q4. Look at this series: F2, __, D8, C16, B32, ... What number should fill the blank?

1. A16
2. G4
3. E4
4. E2

ANSWER : E4

EXPLAINATION : The letters decrease by 1; the numbers are multiplied by 2.

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Q5. Look at this series: V, VIII, XI, XIV, __, XX, ... What number should fill the blank?

1. IX
2. XXIII
3. XV
4. XVII

ANSWER : XVII

EXPLAINATION : This is a simple addition series; each number is 3 more than the previous number.

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Q1. RQP, ONM, _, IHG, FED, find the missing letters.

1. CDE
2. LKI
3. LKJ
4. BAC

ANSWER : C

EXPLAINATION : The series consists of letters in reverse alphabetical order. Therefore, the missing letters are LKJ.

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Q2. CMM, EOO, GQQ, _____, KUU

1. GRR
2. GSS
3. ISS
4. ITT

ANSWER : ISS

EXPLAINATION : The first letters are in alphabetical order with a letter skipped in between each segment: C, E, G, I, K. The second and third letters are repeated; they are also in order with a skipped letter: M, O, Q, S, U.

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Q3. QAR, RAS, SAT, TAU, _____

1. UAV
2. UAT
3. TAS
4. TAT

ANSWER : UAV

EXPLAINATION : In this series, the third letter is repeated as the first letter of the next segment. The middle letter, A, remains static. The third letters are in alphabetical order, beginning with R.

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Q5. JAK, KBL, LCM, MDN, _____

1. OEP
2. NEO
3. MEN
4. PFQ

ANSWER : NEO

EXPLAINATION : This is an alternating series in alphabetical order. The middle letters follow the order ABCDE. The first and third letters are alphabetical beginning with J. The third letter is repeated as a first letter in each subsequent three-letter segment.

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Q5. Look at this series: V, VIII, XI, XIV, __, XX, ... What number should fill the blank?

1. IX
2. XXIII
3. XV
4. XVII

ANSWER : XVII

EXPLAINATION : This is a simple addition series; each number is 3 more than the previous number.

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Each problem consists of three statements. Based on the first two statements, the third statement may be true, false, or uncertain.

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Q1) 1 Mara runs faster than Gail.
2 Lily runs faster than Mara.
3 Gail runs faster than Lily.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

1. False
2. True
3. Uncertain

ANSWER : False

EXPLAINATION : We know from the first two statements that Lily runs fastest. Therefore, the third statement must be false.

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Q2)I. Tom weighs less than Peter.
II. Tom weighs more than John.
III. Out of these three boys, John weighs the least.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

1. False
2. True
3. Uncertain

ANSWER : true

EXPLAINATION : From the first two statements, it is clear that Peter weighs the most and John weighs the least.

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Q3) I. All chickens are birds.
II. Some chickens are hens.
III. Male birds do not lay eggs.
If all the above statements are true, which of the following statements must be true?
1. Hens are birds.
2. All birds lay eggs.
3. Some chickens are not hens.

1. 1 and 2 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 3 only
4. 1 and 3 only

ANSWER : 1 and 3 only

EXPLAINATION : The second statement is not true as only female birds lay eggs. The first statement is true as hens are chickens and all chickens are birds. The third statement is also true as some chickens are hens, then some must not be hens.

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Q4. The temperature on Monday was lower than on Tuesday.
The temperature on Wednesday was lower than on Tuesday.
The temperature on Monday was higher than on Wednesday
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

1. False
2. True
3. Uncertain

ANSWER : uncertain

EXPLAINATION : We know from the first two statements that Tuesday had the highest temperature, but we cannot know whether Monday's temperature was higher than Tuesday's.

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Q5) Martina is sitting in the desk behind Jerome.
Jerome is sitting in the desk behind Bryant.
Bryant is sitting in the desk behind Martina.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

1. False
2. True
3. Uncertain

ANSWER : False

EXPLAINATION : Given the information in the first two statements, Bryant is sitting in front of both Jerome and Martina, so the third statement must be false.

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Q1. Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Sohan, "I am the only daughter of this woman, and her son is your maternal uncle." How is the lady related to Sohan's father?

1. Wife
2. Sister-in-law
3. Sister
4. None of these

ANSWER : Wife

EXPLAINATION : The lady's brother is Sohan's maternal uncle. So, the lady is Sohan's mother and wife of his father.

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Q2. Pointing to a woman, a man said, "Her father is the only son of my father." How is the man related to the woman?

1. Brother
2. Grandfather
3. Father
4. Son

ANSWER : Father

EXPLAINATION : Only son of my father = the man himself. Therefore, the man is the father of this woman.

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Q3. Rahul's father is the only son of Rohan's Father. How is Rohan's wife related to Rahul?

1. Mother
2. Aunt
3. Grandmother
4. Sister

ANSWER : Mother

EXPLAINATION : The only son of Rohan's father is Rohan himself. So, Rohan is Rahul's father, and Rohan's wife is the mother of Rahul.

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Q4. P and Q are the married couple. X and Y are sisters. X is the sister of P. How is Y related to Q?

1. Sister
2. Sister-in-law
3. Cousin
4. Daughter-in-law

ANSWER : Sister-in-law

EXPLAINATION : P and Q are husband and wife. X and Y are sisters and X is the sister of P. It shows Y is the sister of P, so Y is the sister-in-law of Q.

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Q5. A is B's brother. C is B's father. D is C's father. E is D's father. How is A related to D?

1. Grandson
2. Sister-in-law
3. Son
4. Grandfather

ANSWER : A

EXPLAINATION : A and B are brothers and C is B's father, so A is the son of C. Now, D is C's father, so A is the grandson of D.

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Q1.Which answer figure will continue the same series as established by the problem figures?
Problem figures;

Answer figures

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

ANSWER : C

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Q2.Which answer figure will continue the same series as established by the problem figures?
Problem figures;

Answer figures

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

ANSWER : A

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Q3.Which answer figure will continue the same series as established by the problem figures?
Problem figures;

Answer figures

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

ANSWER : B

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Q4.Which answer figure will continue the same series as established by the problem figures?
Problem figures;

Answer figures

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

ANSWER : D

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Q5.Which answer figure will continue the same series as established by the problem figures?
Problem figures;

Answer figures

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5

ANSWER : A

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Q1.Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would form a square.

1. 1, 3, 4
2. 1,3, 5
3. 1, 2, 3
4. 3, 4, 5

ANSWER : A

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Q2.Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would form a square.

1. 3, 4, 2
2. 3, 4, 1
3. 2, 3, 4
4. 3, 4, 5

ANSWER : D

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Q3.Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would form a triangle.

1. 2, 3, 5
2. 1, 2, 4
3. 2, 4, 5
4. 2, 3, 4

ANSWER : A

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Q4.Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would form a triangle.

1. 2, 3, 5
2. 1, 2, 4
3. 2, 4, 5
4. 3, 4, 5

ANSWER : D

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Q5.Select three figures out of the following five figures which when fitted into each other would form a hexagon.

1. 1, 2, 4
2. 2, 4, 5
3. 3, 4, 5
4. All figures

ANSWER : D

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